The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) and Toe Brachial Index (TBI) are non-invasive tests used to assess blood flow in the lower extremities and help diagnose peripheral artery disease (PAD). Both tests compare blood pressure measurements in different parts of the body to evaluate arterial health and detect blockages or narrowing in the arteries.
Blood pressure cuffs are placed on the arms and ankles.
A Doppler ultrasound device is used to measure systolic blood pressure at the brachial artery (in the arm) and at the ankle.
The ABI is calculated by dividing the systolic blood pressure at the ankle by the systolic blood pressure at the arm.
(indicating no significant blockage)
(suggesting possible mild PAD)
(indicating PAD), or greater than 1.4
(indicating severe PAD)
A smaller blood pressure cuff is placed on the toe, and another on the arm.
These devices measure systolic blood pressure at the toe and at the arm.
The TBI is calculated by dividing the systolic blood pressure at the toe by the systolic blood pressure at the arm.
(indicating no significant blockage)
(indicating PAD)
ABI and TBI help determine the severity of arterial blockages.
Both tests are commonly used to diagnose peripheral artery disease, especially in patients with symptoms like leg pain, claudication, or non-healing wounds.
Results from ABI and TBI tests guide treatment plans, including lifestyle changes, medications, and potential surgical interventions.
These tests can be repeated over time to monitor the progression of PAD.
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